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Deprecated: Return type of Wslm_ProductLicense::offsetExists($offset) should either be compatible with ArrayAccess::offsetExists(mixed $offset): bool, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice in C:\inetpub\wwwroot\km-sensing\wp-content\plugins\admin-menu-editor-pro\license-manager\ProductLicense.php on line 97
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Deprecated: Return type of YahnisElsts\AdminMenuEditor\Configurable\SettingsGroup::getIterator() should either be compatible with IteratorAggregate::getIterator(): Traversable, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice in C:\inetpub\wwwroot\km-sensing\wp-content\plugins\admin-menu-editor-pro\extras\modules\tweaks\configurables.php on line 102
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¿Qué es Metamerismo y por qué es importante? - Konica Minolta Sensing
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¿Cómo los fabricantes aseguran que los colores de sus productos coincidan bajo diferentes condiciones de iluminación?
Un par de semanas atrás una compañera de trabajo llegó a la oficina y se dio cuenta que la ropa que unas horas antes parecía igualar al momento de cambiarse, tenía en realidad dos tonalidades diferentes. Su saco “marrón”, que pretendía igualar a la falda del mismo color, tenía en realidad un color rojizo. Ella fue víctima de metamerismo, un fenómeno del color que bajo ciertas condiciones de iluminación, mostrará dos objetos igualando en color. Eso es hasta que las diferencias de colores son reveladas cuando se ven con fuentes de luz distintas.
¿Qué es metamerismo y por qué ocurre?
El metamerismo describe un par de objetos que igualan bajo ciertas fuentes de iluminación o bajo un conjunto de condiciones de visión, pero no bajo otros. La falda y el saco que mencionamos anteriormente parecían igualar con la luz incandescente del hogar, pero no con la iluminación fluorescente de la oficina. Este es un problema común en la industria textil donde a menudo ciertas piezas de vestimenta no igualan según las variaciones de pigmentos textiles usados durante la fabricación.
Sin embargo, el metamerismo no es sólo un problema de la industria textil. Compañías dentro de la industria de pinturas, plásticos, envases, automotriz y de impresión, pueden experimentar este problema dado que varios pigmentos o partidas de colores son cambiados a veces en la etapa de fabricación, o cuando se producen diferentes partes de un producto. Un taller de pintura de automóviles puede pintar una sección del vehículo, como ser una puerta, con un color que parece igualar al resto del vehículo cuando se lo ve con luz de día, pero no iguala cuando se lo ve con la iluminación de un estacionamiento. En la industria plástica, los trabajadores que trabajan con pigmentos especializados pueden tener problemas con productos mostrando inconsistencia de colores cuando se ven a ciertos ángulos; y las compañías de impresión pueden encontrar que la tinta en una página impresa puede no igualar la tinta de otra página, al verse con luces de día y fluorescentes. Para prevenir o reducir este problema, el color de un objeto debe ser evaluado.
¿Qué es la igualación metamerica y cómo se usa para la consistencia del color?
Para identificar metamerismo, se utiliza un espectrofotómetro para medir y evaluar las propiedades de metamerismo de un espécimen bajo dos o más iluminantes diferentes, como la luz de día (Iluminante Estándar D65) y la luz incandescente (Iluminante Estándar A). Un espectrofotómetro permite a los usuarios ver los datos reflejados de dos colores bajo cada iluminante, y es efectivo en identificar desigualdades. En el ejemplo continuo podemos ver como dos especímenes (Espécimen A y Espécimen B) igualan bajo el iluminante de día, pero no lo hacen con el iluminante incandescente.
Cuando las curvas espectrales de dos especímenes se cruzan una con otra, por lo menos tres veces, como se ve en el Gráfico superior de Reflectancia Espectral, se puede confirmar que los objetos no igualan, siendo un par metamórfico. Para reducir este efecto, se debería usar idealmente los mismos colorantes que se utilizaron para crear el estándar al formular el color del producto. Si esto no es posible, y en la mayoría de los casos no lo es, se debería implementar entonces un proceso de formulación de color para encontrar la menor combinación colorante metamérica para cada partida de color. Esto minimizará el efecto de metamerismo y producirá una buena igualación.